Results of a public opinion poll conducted by the Razumkov Centre Sociological Service on January 19–25, 2024, as a part of its project implemented under the USAID/ENGAGE activity, which is funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and implemented by Pact. The contents of the Results are the sole responsibility of Pact and it’s implementing partners and do not necessary reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government
The face-to-face poll was conducted in Vinnytsia, Volyn, Dnipropetrovsk, Zhytomyr, Transcarpathian, Zaporizhia, Ivano-Frankivsk, Kyiv, Kirovohrad, Lviv, Mykolayiv, Odesa, Poltava, Rivne, Sumy, Ternopil, Kharkiv, Kherson, Khmelnytskyi, Cherkasy, Chernihiv, Chernivtsi regions and the city of Kyiv (in Zaporizhia, Mykolayiv, Kharkiv, Kherson regions — only in the territories controlled by the government of Ukraine and free of hostilities).
The poll was conducted using stratified multistage sampling with random selection at the first stages of sampling and quota selection of respondents at the final stage (when respondents were selected on the basis of sex and age quotas). The sample structure reproduces the demographic structure of the adult population of the territories where the poll was conducted as of the beginning of 2022 (by age, sex, settlement type).
2,000 respondents over the age of 18 were polled. The sample theoretical error does not exceed 2.3%. At the same time, additional systematic deviations of the sample may be caused by the consequences of Russian aggression, in particular, forced evacuation of millions of citizens.
Assessment of the economic situation
Citizens of Ukraine are quite sceptical about the economic situation in the country: in May 2021, eight months before the beginning of the full-scale war, 60% of respondents assessed it as "very bad" or "rather bad" (and only 5% — as "good" or "very good", 32% — as "neither bad nor good"). In September–October 2022, that is, seven months into the war, the share of citizens who called it "very bad" or "rather bad" increased (to 64.5%). The assessments improved in February–March 2023, when a decrease in negative assessments was recorded even compared to the pre-war period: then, the economic situation in the country was assessed as "very bad" or "rather bad" by 55% (4% — "good" or "very good", 37% — "neither bad nor good"). According to the poll conducted in December 2023, these estimates worsened (66.5%, 3% and 27%, respectively). But in January 2024 their improvement was observed again (57%, 5% and 34%, respectively) — they became close to the indicators observed in February–March 2023.
The level of well-being of own families, as a rule, is assessed by citizens better than the economic situation in the country. In May 2021 only 36% termed it as "very" or "rather" bad, 48% — as "neither bad nor good", 14% — as "good" or "very good"). In September–October, 2022, the share of citizens who called it "very" or "rather" bad" increased slightly (to 39%), the share of those who considered it "good" or "very good" fell to 10%. According to the poll conducted in February–March 2023, as well as the assessment of the economic situation in the country, the assessment of the family well-being slightly improved and became close to the figures recorded in May 2021: 35% assessed it as "very" or "rather" bad, 50% — "neither bad nor good", 12% — "good" or "very good". In December 2023, the assessments of the family well-being slightly worsened (37%, 51%, and 10.5%, respectively) and did not statistically differ from those recorded in September–October, 2022, but in January 2024 they improved again (32%, 52% and 12.5%, respectively) and did not statistically differ from those recorded in February–March, 2023.
When assessing the material well-being of their families in terms of purchases allowed by the family income after the start of the full-scale aggression, compared to June 2021, the share of citizens who said that they barely make ends meet and lack money even for the necessary foodstuffs increased (from 9% in June 2021 to 14% in February–March 2023). However, in January 2024 their share made 11% and now does not statistically differ from the middle of 2021.
At the same time, when asked "How did your family income change after February 24, 2022?", 25% of respondents said that it fell significantly, 33% — it somewhat decreased, 32% — that it did not change, only 4 % — that it somewhat increased, and just 0.7% — that it increased considerably.
Compared to August 2023, the share of respondents who call permanent employment the main source of livelihood increased (from 41% to 48%), with a decrease in the share of those who reported temporary work (from 9% to 5%) and financial assistance from various sources (from 5% to 2%).
Before the beginning of the full-scale war, citizens did not tend to believe in rapid changes in the economic sphere: in May 2021, only 12% believed that in the next 3 months the economic situation in the country would change for the better, 13% hoped that during this time the well-being of their family would change for the better. In the months after the poll, citizens more often expected the situation to worsen: 22% answered that the economic situation of the country would change for the worse, 18% — that in that period the well-being of their family would change for the worse. However, the most widespread opinion was that the situation would not change significantly in 3 months (respectively, 56% and 57% did not expect such changes).
In September–October 2022, the share of those who expected the state of affairs in the economy to deteriorate significantly increased — to 35% (due to a decrease to 37.5% in the share of those who believed that the situation would not change), only 9.5% believed that the situation would change for the better. However, according to the poll conducted in February–March 2023, the share of those who expected the economic situation to deteriorate within 3 months fell to 23%, with an increase in the shares of those who expected the situation to improve (up to 13%) and those who believed that it would not change (up to 45%). In January 2024, the share of those who believed that the situation would change for the better has decreased to 7%, of those who believe that it would get worse increased to 33%, and the share of those who believed that it will not change made 46% and statistically did not differ from the figures of February–March 2023.
Similar trends were observed in the dynamics of expected short-term changes in the family well-being. According to the latest poll, the share of those who believe that it would improve during this period made 7%, of those who expected it to worsen — 26%, and that it would not change — 49%.
It should be noted that the expectations of changes in the short run are now less pessimistic than in December 2020: then, 41% of respondents expected deterioration of the economic situation in the country within the next 3 months, and 32% expected deterioration of the well-being of their families.
After the beginning of the large-scale war, mid-term (2–3 years) economic expectations significantly improved. Specifically, the share of those who expected the economic situation in the country to improve in the next 2–3 years in September–October 2022, compared to May 2021, increased from 30% to 43%, and in February–March 2023 — to 52%. However, during 2023 this optimism decreased, and in January 2024, 31% thought so (approximately as many as in May 2021). The share of those who expect the situation to worsen (22.5%) is also close to the indicator of May 2021, and of those who believe that the situation in this area will not change made 15% (which is 11% less than in May 2021).
In September–October 2022, compared to May 2021, the share of those who expected that their family well-being would improve in the next 2–3 years increased from 29% to 41%, and in February–March 2023 — to 49.5%. According to the latest poll, the share of such people fell to 31%. Those who believe that the well-being of their families will deteriorate in this timeframe made 18%, while 18% believe that it will not change.
Social well-being of citizens
Self-assessment of psychological state
Describing their psychological state on February 24, 2022 (at the beginning of the war) on a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 means "the highest level of calmness, confidence", and 10 corresponds to the highest level of panic, fear, uncertainty, the respondents on the average rated it at 7.0 points (49% rated it from 8 to 10, which corresponds to a high level of panic, fear, uncertainty).
Assessing their psychological state at the time of the poll (in January 2024), the respondents rated it at 5.9 points, on the average. At the same time, the share of those who rated it from 8 to 10 decreased, compared to the beginning of the war, from 49% to 25%, which indicates a significant improvement in the psychological state compared to the beginning of the war. However, this indicator is worse than in February–March 2023, when it averaged 5.1 points.
Satisfaction with life
The level of satisfaction of Ukrainian citizens with their life increased during the decade preceding the full-scale war and in 2017 and 2022 was higher than in 2011 (respectively, 5.1, 5.2 and 4.5 points on a scale from 1 to 10, where "1" means that the respondent is "absolutely dissatisfied", and "10" — "fully satisfied" with his life). In January 2024, compared to 2022, this indicator fell to 4.7 points.
Satisfaction with one’s life decreased the most, compared to September–October 2022, in the Western part of the country (from 6.1 to 4.9 points). In September–October 2022, residents of the South were the least satisfied with their life (3.9 points), in other regions — from 4.5 points (in the East) to 4.9 points (in the West and in Centre of the country).
Satisfaction with life decreases with the age of the respondents (from 5.1 points among those under 30 years old to 4.2 points among those in the age of 60 years old and older).
Trust in other members of society
Compared to 2017, the share of Ukrainians who believe that most people can be trusted increased from 17% to 27%, but the majority (62%) are of the opinion that one should be very cautious in relations with other people (in 2017, they made 75%).
Belief in and vision of victory
85% of respondents believe in Ukraine’s victory in this war (from 78% of residents of the country’s East to 88.5% in the West), 8.5% do not believe in it (from 5.5% in the West to 13% in the East of the country).
Compared to previous polls, the expected timing of the victory is becoming more distant. Say, according to the latest poll, among those who believe in victory, 20% suggest that it will take place by the end of this year, while in February–March 2023, 50% believed that victory would come before the end of 2023. 40% believe that it will come in 1–2 years (26% in February–March 2023), in 3 to 5 years — 14% and 7%, respectively, in more than 5 years — 3% and 1%, that the victory will "hardly happen in my lifetime" — 1% and 0.4%, respectively. Now, more people do not know when to expect a victory (22% and 15%, respectively)
Regarding what can be considered a victory, a relative majority (38%) of those who believe in victory answer that it means the expulsion of Russian troops from the entire territory of Ukraine and restoration of borders as of January 2014. Another 27% see it as the defeat of the Russian army and an uprising in /collapse of Russia. 13% see the victory as the restoration of the status quo as of February 23, 2022, 7% — expulsion of the Russian troops from the entire territory of Ukraine except Crimea, and 4% — the end of the war, even if the Russian army remains in the territories captured as a result of the full-scale invasion (after February 24, 2022).
SURVEY RESULTS IN TABLES
(data in the tables are given as percentages, unless indicated otherwise)
Please assess the situation in Ukraine in the following areas on a 5-point scale, where "1" means that the situation is very bad, and "5" means that the situation is very good.
|
Very bad |
Rather bad |
Neither bad nor good |
Good |
Very good |
Hard to say |
Average score |
|
|
Economic situation in the country |
16.3 |
40.8 |
34.1 |
4.6 |
0.4 |
3.8 |
2.3 |
|
Wellbeing of your family |
6.0 |
26.3 |
52.3 |
12.0 |
0.5 |
2.9 |
2.7 |
How would you describe the wellbeing of your family?
|
We hardly make ends meet, money is not enough even for the most necessary foodstuffs |
10.9 |
|
We have enough money for food and necessary inexpensive items |
37.6 |
|
Generally, we can live with it, but acquisition of durables, such as furniture, a refrigerator, a TV set, caused difficulties |
39.9 |
|
We do well but cannot afford some purchases (buy an apartment, a car, etc.) |
7.8 |
|
We can afford almost anything we want |
0.7 |
|
Hard to say |
3.1 |
How did your family income change after February 24, 2022?
|
Income substantially increased |
0.7 |
|
Income somewhat increased |
4.2 |
|
Income did not change |
31.9 |
|
Income somewhat decreased |
32.8 |
|
Income substantially decreased |
24.7 |
|
Hard to say |
5.8 |
You now live at the expense of … (specify your main source of livelihood)
|
Material assistance from different sources |
1.8 |
|
Previous savings |
0.8 |
|
Income from business |
4.2 |
|
Permanent employment |
47.7 |
|
Temporary (or side) work |
4.9 |
|
Scholarship |
0.6 |
|
Pension |
24.7 |
|
At the expense of income of another member (members) of my family (husband, wife, parents, etc.) |
10.7 |
|
Other sources |
1.1 |
|
Hard to say, no answer |
3.4 |
How do you think the situation in Ukraine in the following sectors will change in the next three months?
|
will change for the better |
will change for the worse |
will not change |
hard to say |
|
|
Economic situation in the country |
6.6 |
33.4 |
45.8 |
14.1 |
|
Wellbeing of your family |
7.3 |
25.8 |
49.1 |
17.8 |
How do you think the situation in Ukraine in the following sectors will change in the next 2–3 years?
|
will change for the better |
will change for the worse |
will not change |
hard to say |
|
|
Economic situation in the country |
31.0 |
22.5 |
15.2 |
31.4 |
|
Wellbeing of your family |
31.2 |
17.6 |
17.9 |
33.3 |
Please assess on a 10-point scale your state on February 24, 2022 (beginning of the war), where "0" means maximum level of quietness and confidence, "10" — maximum level of panic, fear, uncertainty
|
Maximum level of quietness and confidence |
Maximum level of panic, fear, uncertainty |
Hard to say |
Average score |
|||||||||
|
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
||
|
2.8 |
2.1 |
2.5 |
4.8 |
4.2 |
10.2 |
9.7 |
13.1 |
13.0 |
11.7 |
24.5 |
1.5 |
7.0 |
Please assess on a 10-point scale your state today, where "0" means maximum level of quietness and confidence, "10" — maximum level of panic, fear, uncertainty
|
Maximum level of quietness and confidence |
Maximum level of panic, fear, uncertainty |
Hard to say |
Average score |
|||||||||
|
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
||
|
2.3 |
1.4 |
2.8 |
8.1 |
11.1 |
17.3 |
14.3 |
14.9 |
10.8 |
6.4 |
7.9 |
2.6 |
5.9 |
How satisfied are you, generally, with your life? Please use the scale from 1 to 10, where "1" means "absolutely dissatisfied", "10" — "fully satisfied".
Tick one box:
|
Absolutely dissatisfied |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
Fully satisfied |
|
5.2 |
6.9 |
16.8 |
15.5 |
23.8 |
13.4 |
8.8 |
5.8 |
1.8 |
0.9 |
No answer — 1.2%
Average score — 4.7
Do you think that most people may be trusted, or one should be very cautious in relations with them?
|
Most people may be trusted |
26.7 |
|
One should be very cautious in relations with other people |
62.3 |
|
No answer |
4.9 |
|
No idea |
6.1 |
Do you believe in Ukraine’s victory in the war with Russia?
|
Yes |
62.3 |
|
Rather, yes |
22.5 |
|
Rather, no |
5.0 |
|
No |
3.5 |
|
Hard to say |
6.7 |
When do you think this victory will come? % among those who believe in victory
|
Before the end of this year |
19.7 |
|
In 1–2 years |
39.8 |
|
In 3–5 years |
14.0 |
|
Not earlier than in 5 years |
3.2 |
|
Hardly during my lifetime |
1.1 |
|
Other |
0.3 |
|
Hard to say |
21.8 |
What do you personally see as victory in this war? % among those who believe in victory
|
End of the war, even if the Russian army remains in the territories seized after February 24, 2022 (parts of Kherson, Zaporizhia regions and Donbas) |
3.6 |
|
Expulsion of Russian troops behind the line as of February 23, 2022 (separate districts of Donetsk, Luhansk regions and Crimea remain occupied) |
13.0 |
|
Expulsion of Russian troops from the entire territory of Ukraine except Crimea |
7.4 |
|
Expulsion of Russian troops from the entire territory of Ukraine and restoration of borders as of January 2014 |
38.1 |
|
Defeat of the Russian army and an uprising in /collapse of Russia |
27.3 |
|
Other |
1.5 |
|
Hard to say |
9.1 |
DYNAMICS COMPARED TO PREVIOUS POLLS
Please assess the situation in Ukraine in the following areas on a 5-point scale, where "1" means that the situation is very bad, and "5" means that the situation is very good
|
Very bad |
Rather bad |
Neither bad nor good |
Good |
Very good |
Hard to say |
Average score (points) |
|
|
Economic situation in the country |
|||||||
|
December 2020 |
27.6 |
44.4 |
23.0 |
1.9 |
0.2 |
3.0 |
2.0 |
|
January–February 2021 |
28.6 |
40.6 |
26.0 |
1.8 |
0.1 |
2.8 |
2.0 |
|
May 2021 |
22.1 |
37.9 |
32.2 |
4.7 |
0.7 |
2.4 |
2.2 |
|
September–October 2022 |
21.5 |
43.0 |
28.9 |
3.7 |
0.5 |
2.5 |
2.2 |
|
February–March 2023 |
15.7 |
39.6 |
36.8 |
4.0 |
0.3 |
3.5 |
2.3 |
|
September 2023 |
18.7 |
37.8 |
35.2 |
5.0 |
0.3 |
3.0 |
2.3 |
|
December 2023 |
22.0 |
44.5 |
27.4 |
2.7 |
0.4 |
3.0 |
2.1 |
|
January 2024 |
16.3 |
40.8 |
34.1 |
4.6 |
0.4 |
3.8 |
2.3 |
|
Wellbeing of your family |
|||||||
|
December 2020 |
14.0 |
33.8 |
42.0 |
7.2 |
0.2 |
2.9 |
2.4 |
|
January–February 2021 |
11.1 |
32.1 |
46.4 |
6.3 |
0.4 |
3.6 |
2.5 |
|
May 2021 |
10.4 |
25.5 |
47.6 |
13.0 |
0.9 |
2.6 |
2.7 |
|
September–October 2022 |
10.5 |
28.1 |
49.5 |
8.5 |
1.1 |
2.3 |
2.6 |
|
February–March 2023 |
8.3 |
26.5 |
49.7 |
11.4 |
0.7 |
3.4 |
2.7 |
|
September 2023 |
8.5 |
25.1 |
50.0 |
13.7 |
0.6 |
2.0 |
2.7 |
|
December 2023 |
8.8 |
28.2 |
50.7 |
9.6 |
0.9 |
1.9 |
2.7 |
|
January 2024 |
6.0 |
26.3 |
52.3 |
12.0 |
0.5 |
2.9 |
2.7 |
How would you describe the wellbeing of your family?
|
April 2017 |
June 2021 |
August 2022 |
February–March 2023 |
September 2023 |
December 2023 |
January 2024 |
|
|
We hardly make ends meet, money is not enough even for the most necessary foodstuffs |
17.6 |
9.2 |
13.5 |
14.2 |
11.1 |
9.8 |
10.9 |
|
We have enough money for food and necessary inexpensive items |
44.8 |
38.3 |
37.8 |
42.0 |
36.8 |
38.8 |
37.6 |
|
Generally, we can live with it, but acquisition of durables, such as furniture, a refrigerator, a TV set, caused difficulties |
30.9 |
43.8 |
39.0 |
33.7 |
42.7 |
42.4 |
39.9 |
|
We do well but cannot afford some purchases (buy an apartment, a car, etc.) |
4.3 |
6.4 |
7.2 |
6.1 |
6.7 |
7.2 |
7.8 |
|
We can afford almost anything we want |
0.2 |
0.9 |
0.3 |
1.3 |
0.6 |
0.0 |
0.7 |
|
Hard to say. no answer |
2.1 |
1.4 |
2.2 |
2.6 |
2.1 |
1.8 |
3.1 |
How did your family income change after February 24, 2022?
|
February–March 2023 |
January 2024 |
|
|
Income substantially increased |
0.9 |
0.7 |
|
Income somewhat increased |
5.1 |
4.2 |
|
Income did not change |
35.6 |
31.9 |
|
Income somewhat decreased |
31.8 |
32.8 |
|
Income substantially decreased |
20.8 |
24.7 |
|
Hard to say |
5.8 |
5.8 |
You now live at the expense of … (specify your main source of livelihood)
|
February–March 2023 |
August 2023 |
January 2024 |
|
|
Material assistance from different sources |
5.0 |
5.1 |
1.8 |
|
Previous savings |
2.3 |
1.8 |
0.8 |
|
Income from business |
3.1 |
3.0 |
4.2 |
|
Permanent employment |
40.4 |
40.9 |
47.7 |
|
Temporary (or side) work |
7.8 |
8.6 |
4.9 |
|
Scholarship |
1.2 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
|
Pension |
24.1 |
26.2 |
24.7 |
|
At the expense of income of another member (members) of my family (husband, wife, parents, etc.) |
10.9 |
10.1 |
10.7 |
|
Other sources |
1.4 |
1.2 |
1.1 |
|
Hard to say, no answer |
3.9 |
2.3 |
3.4 |
How do you think the situation in Ukraine in the following sectors will change in the next three months?
|
will change for the better |
will change for the worse |
will not change |
hard to say |
|
|
Economic situation in the country |
||||
|
December 2020 |
8.3 |
40.8 |
39.0 |
11.9 |
|
January–February 2021 |
6.9 |
32.2 |
47.8 |
13.1 |
|
May 2021 |
11.8 |
22.1 |
55.7 |
10.5 |
|
September–October 2022 |
9.5 |
35.2 |
37.5 |
17.9 |
|
February–March 2023 |
13.4 |
22.7 |
45.3 |
18.5 |
|
September 2023 |
10.0 |
28.2 |
49.8 |
12.0 |
|
December 2023 |
6.8 |
32.9 |
48.1 |
12.2 |
|
January 2024 |
6.6 |
33.4 |
45.8 |
14.1 |
|
Wellbeing of your family |
||||
|
December 2020 |
9.2 |
32.3 |
43.7 |
14.8 |
|
January–February 2021 |
7.8 |
23.8 |
53.2 |
15.3 |
|
May 2021 |
12.6 |
18.3 |
57.1 |
12.0 |
|
September–October 2022 |
9.2 |
25.9 |
45.2 |
19.7 |
|
February–March 2023 |
13.3 |
18.0 |
48.0 |
20.7 |
|
September 2023 |
9.8 |
22.0 |
53.6 |
14.5 |
|
December 2023 |
8.3 |
25.1 |
53.4 |
13.1 |
|
January 2024 |
7.3 |
25.8 |
49.1 |
17.8 |
How do you think the situation in Ukraine in the following sectors will change in the next 2–3 years?
|
will change for the better |
will change for the worse |
will not change |
hard to say |
|
|
Economic situation in the country |
||||
|
December 2020 |
22.8 |
26.7 |
20.4 |
30.1 |
|
January–February 2021 |
19.7 |
25.0 |
21.0 |
34.4 |
|
May 2021 |
29.9 |
21.2 |
26.1 |
22.8 |
|
September–October 2022 |
43.4 |
14.8 |
14.1 |
27.7 |
|
February–March 2023 |
52.1 |
11.0 |
11.1 |
25.8 |
|
September 2023 |
38.1 |
20.3 |
16.8 |
24.8 |
|
December 2023 |
34.5 |
22.1 |
16.1 |
27.3 |
|
January 2024 |
31.0 |
22.5 |
15.2 |
31.4 |
|
Wellbeing of your family |
||||
|
December 2020 |
24.7 |
21.8 |
21.8 |
31.7 |
|
January–February 2021 |
20.8 |
19.5 |
24.3 |
35.5 |
|
May 2021 |
29.2 |
16.5 |
27.1 |
27.1 |
|
September–October 2022 |
40.6 |
12.8 |
16.5 |
30.0 |
|
February–March 2023 |
49.5 |
10.0 |
13.1 |
27.5 |
|
September 2023 |
36.5 |
16.5 |
21.0 |
26.0 |
|
December 2023 |
34.0 |
17.7 |
19.2 |
29.2 |
|
January 2024 |
31.2 |
17.6 |
17.9 |
33.3 |
Please assess on a 10-point scale your state today, where "0" means maximum level of quietness and confidence, "10" — maximum level of panic, fear, uncertainty, average score
|
February–March 2023 |
5.1 |
|
August 2023 |
5.6 |
|
January 2024 |
5.9 |
How satisfied are you, generally, with your life? Please use the scale from 1 to 10, where "1" means "absolutely dissatisfied", "10" — "fully satisfied", average score
|
December 2011 |
March 2017 |
September–October 2022 |
January 2024 |
||
|
Absolutely dissatisfied |
4.5 |
5.1 |
5.2 |
4.7 |
Fully satisfied |
Do you think that most people may be trusted, or one should be very cautious in relations with them?
|
December 2011 |
March 2017 |
September–October 2022 |
January 2024 |
|
|
Most people may be trusted |
23.1 |
16.7 |
23.9 |
26.7 |
|
One should be very cautious in relations with other people |
70.3 |
75.1 |
65.4 |
62.3 |
|
No idea, no answer |
6.6 |
8.2 |
10.7 |
11.0 |
Do you believe in Ukraine’s victory in the war with Russia?
|
August 2022 |
December 2022 |
February–March 2023 |
July 2023 |
December 2023 |
January 2024 |
|
|
Yes |
76.9 |
78.5 |
79.6 |
79.4 |
63.3 |
62.3 |
|
Rather, yes |
14.6 |
14.7 |
13.6 |
13.8 |
24.8 |
22.5 |
|
Rather, no |
2.9 |
1.9 |
2.1 |
1.6 |
3.8 |
5.0 |
|
No |
1.2 |
1.2 |
1.4 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
3.5 |
|
Hard to say |
4.4 |
3.7 |
3.3 |
3.5 |
6.5 |
6.7 |
When do you think this victory will come? % among those who believe in victory
|
August 2022 |
February–March 2023 |
July 2023 |
January 2024 |
|
|
Before the end of this year |
31.2 |
49.9 |
35.4 |
19.7 |
|
In 1–2 years |
34.3 |
25.9 |
37.8 |
39.8 |
|
In 3–5 years |
7.1 |
7.4 |
8.9 |
14.0 |
|
Not earlier than in 5 years |
2.1 |
1.1 |
1.2 |
3.2 |
|
Hardly during my lifetime |
1.7 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
1.1 |
|
Other |
0.5 |
0.2 |
0.5 |
0.3 |
|
Hard to say |
23.1 |
15.0 |
15.9 |
21.8 |
What do you personally see as victory in this war? % among those who believe in victory
|
August 2022 |
September–October 2022 |
December 2022 |
February–March 2023 |
July 2023 |
January 2024 |
|
|
End of the war, even if the Russian army remains in the territories seized after February 24, 2022 (parts of Kherson, Zaporizhia regions and Donbas) |
3.1 |
6.0 |
3.3 |
4.6 |
5.2 |
3.6 |
|
Expulsion of Russian troops behind the line as of February 23, 2022 (separate districts of Donetsk, Luhansk regions and Crimea remain occupied) |
7.4 |
8.1 |
6.2 |
4.6 |
9.0 |
13.0 |
|
Expulsion of Russian troops from the entire territory of Ukraine except Crimea |
8.7 |
4.2 |
8.0 |
4.4 |
5.7 |
7.4 |
|
Expulsion of Russian troops from the entire territory of Ukraine and restoration of borders as of January 2014 |
54.7 |
43.9 |
54.1 |
46.9 |
52.6 |
38.1 |
|
Defeat of the Russian army and an uprising in /collapse of Russia |
20.4 |
26.6 |
22.4 |
30.8 |
20.8 |
27.3 |
|
Other |
0.4 |
0.9 |
0.3 |
1.0 |
1.3 |
1.5 |
|
Hard to say |
5.3 |
10.4 |
5.6 |
7.6 |
5.5 |
9.1 |
